Lots of folks look very bug-eyed in old photos because they were told NOT to blink due to long time to expose the shot. Even with the "flash" capability of the day, hats would be pushed back so as to not shadow the face of subjects.
Working as a photographer, I can say that even using studio strobes on people wearing hats - the flash has to be at a low angle to get the face. A bouncer which can cover the face and hat is ideal, otherwise a reflector if using daylight. Must have been a nightmare for early photographers.
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